How to Choose a Functional Face Serum

1. Wrinkle improvement
To reduce wrinkles, choose a serum containing retinol and peptides. Retinol tightens fine lines and wrinkles, while peptides help create healthy skin. Combining these two ingredients creates a highly effective anti-wrinkle serum. Applying the serum at night is most effective because it is absorbed into the skin while you sleep, thereby reducing wrinkles.
Use a serum containing antioxidants such as Vitamin C and green tea extract. These ingredients protect the skin and make wrinkles less visible.

2. Whitening
To brighten your skin, use a serum containing Vitamin C and ferulic acid. Uneven or dull skin tone can be caused by sun exposure, smoking, genetics, or lack of sleep. Vitamin C and ferulic acid are powerful antioxidants that revitalize the skin. They neutralize free radicals to make the skin tone more even and vibrant.
And many brightening serums contain green tea extract. Green tea extract is another useful antioxidant.
Some brightening serums contain snail mucus. Snail mucus is well known to be effective in treating scars and removing skin discoloration or spots.

3. Skin tone improvement
Licorice extract and kojic acid even out uneven skin tone. Licorice extract helps eliminate skin discoloration and age spots. Kojic acid treats scars, sun damage, and uneven skin tone. Using a serum rich in these two ingredients will make your skin even and radiant within a few weeks.
Use a serum containing Vitamin C. Vitamin C brightens the skin.
To even out your skin tone, choose a serum containing arbutin. Arbutin is primarily used to remove blemishes. It also brightens the skin overall.
When choosing a Vitamin C serum, select a product containing L-ascorbic acid, the most effective component of the vitamin. It helps restore uneven skin tone.

4. Improvement of dark circles
Use eye serum to fade dark circles. Eye serum is a specialized serum designed specifically for under-eye dark circles. If you want to get rid of under-eye dark circles, choose an eye serum. They typically contain high amounts of ingredients such as licorice extract and arbutin. Apply it directly under the eyes.
I also use both daytime and nighttime eye serums.
Avoid applying eye serum to other parts of the face. Sometimes, stronger ingredients are used to help it absorb under the eyes, which can cause inflammation or skin problems.