Ingredients to reduce melasma pigmentation

Ingredients approved for whitening functional cosmetics include 2% paper mulberry extract, 2-5% arbutin, 1-2% ethyl ascorbyl ether, 0.05% oil-soluble licorice extract, 2% ascorbyl glucoside, 3% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, 2-5% niacinamide, 0.5% alpha-bisabolol, and 2% ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate. Most whitening functional cosmetics contain one or two of these ingredients.

Broussonetia extract, licorice extract, arbutin, vitamin C, and alpha-bisabolol reduce pigment formation by inhibiting tyrosinase, an enzyme necessary for the pigment formation process, while niacinamide shows a whitening effect by interfering with the migration of melanosomes.

Melasma is a relatively common hyperpigmented skin condition characterized by pigmentation on the cheekbones, forehead, and chin due to the overactivation of melanocytes, and it is exacerbated by ultraviolet rays, female hormones, and stress. Melasma that has darkened due to outdoor activities throughout the summer requires efforts to reduce pigmentation through treatment and the selection of helpful products. Since melasma can worsen even with repeated minor irritation, caution is required as the use of incorrect products can actually aggravate the condition.

Source https://health.chosun.com/healthyLife/column_view.jsp?idx=10355&cidx=132